Process of and apparatus for separating and grading seeds



H. M. SUTTON & W. L. & E. G. STEELE. PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARATING AND GRADING SEEDS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.14, 1914.

1,133,760. Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

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H. M. SUTTON & W. L. & B. G. STEELE. rnocass OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPARA'IING AND GRADING SEEDS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.14, 1914.

1 133 760. Patented Mar. 30, 1915.

3 SHEETSSHEET 2.

H. M. SUTTON & W. L. & E. G. STEELE. PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR SEPAEATING AND GRADING SEEDS.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.14, 1914.

1,133,760. Patented Mar. 30. 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

W E .lvi v ge tion, reference being had therein to in eras PATENT onnron HENRY'M. SUTTON, WALTER L. STEELE, AND EDWIN G. STEELE, OF DALLAS, TEXAS PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FORSEPARATING AND GRADI NG SEEDS.

aiaaaee,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, HENRY M. SUTTON, WALTER L. STEELE, and EDWIN G. STEELE, citizens of the United States of America, residing at Dallas, in the county of Dallas and State of Texas, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes of and Apparatus for Separating and Grading Seeds, of which the following is a specificathe accompanying drawing. i

This invention relates to a process of and 1 an apparatus for separating and grading seeds and has for its object, the provision of an apparatus by means of which, an elongate seed can be separated from a substantially spherical seed andit is of especial ad- 'vantage in separating wheat kernels from oat kernels and consists first, in separating 2,0 the largest grainsof oats from the wheat and small defective grains. ofoats; second, in separating the lighter grains of oats from the wheat; and third, ingradingthe grains of wheat in proportion to their specific qualities. i r

Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatusinwhichan initial separation takes place in, order to separate the Llonglseeds from'the more spherical seeds;

I saidspherical seedsbeing discharged upon -a transversely inclined perviousdeck onwhich they are propelled bythe pushing action of the table longitudinally along the deck; means being provided for supporting the seed upon a gaseous cushioning medium in order to allow the seeds to stratify; the heavier seeds being pushed by the propel- --ling movement of the table while the lighter seeds are acted on by gravity and are moved 1 vide means for retarding the lighter and more spherical seeds in their longitudinal 40 transversely, or approximately so, on the tabile deck. I

-1 Another object of the invention is to prov-v-ide a novel 'form of air baffles for retarding the-lighter spherical seeds propelled upon the deck by the propelling action of the table, whereby the more spherical kernels of oats will be retarded and repelled.

Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus by meansof which the -50,wheat kernels'can be graded so as tosepagrains,

rate the infertile from the fertile I whereby the infertile grains can be sent to the mill and the fertile grains used for planting Another object of the invention is to provide a separating and grading apparatus Specification of Letters Patent.

separated.

Patented any. ac, rare,

Application filed August 14, 1914. Serial No. 856,809.

which is exceedingly simple andcheap in construction and one in which the cost of operating is reduced to a minimum, whereby the same can be employed in large mills w and operated so as to thoroughly separate the-oat grains from the wheat grains, at the same time, the wheat being graded' i Another-object of the invention is to providea screening unit in connection with a 55 separating table having a perforated screening surface provided withguards of conlonger grains of seed; said current being in- -sufflclent to retard the movement of the 30 spherical grains of seed, whereby these seeds are deposited upon the pervious deck of the separating table and by the propelling movement thereof, are propelled longitudinally of the table. The lighter seeds are support- 5 ed by a gaseous cushioning medium and are acted upon by gravity and gradually work their way ofi' of the delivery side of the table while the heavy seeds which are in contact with the pervious deck,'are propelled thereby over the surface until they have reached the delivery end of the table; these seedsbeing the fertile seeds of the mass being Another object of the invention is to proappended claims.

1 4, is an elevation of the feed end of the screen; Fig. 5, is a perspective view partly in section, of a portion of the pervious deck and air baflle showing the air currents which pass; through the pervious deck, striking the bafile in order to-retard and propel backa wardly the more spherical grains of oats which have been deposited upon the pervious deck from the initial separating screen; Fig. 6, is a detail inverted plan View of one form of screening surface; Fig. 7, is

a detail top plan view; Fig. 8, is a detail side elevation; Fig. 9,\ is an inverted plan view of another form of screening surface; Fig. 10, is a detail plan view of the modified form shown in Fig. 9; Fig. 11, is a detail section of the modified forms shown in Figs. 9 and 10; Fig. 12, is a detail section of the screening surface showing the movement of the diiferentshaped seeds in their passage over the screening surface, the oat grain striking the guard in such a manner that it is prevented from passing through the screening surface while the Wheat grain, which strikes the guard is allowed free passage by gravity to pass through the same; the mass of seeds upon the screening surface coming into contact with the oat grains in the position shown, which causes the same to turn over away from the opening and to travel down the inclined screening surface off of the discharge end thereof while the wheat kernels drop through the openings and are deposited upon the separating surface within the frame of the screen from which they are propelled out through the vgate thereof by the propelling movement of the table and Fig. 13,is a detail section showing the manner of mounting one of the adjusting screws upon the deck frame for supporting the baffle bars.

Like. numerals of reference refer to like parts in the several figures of the drawings. In the drawings, 1 indicates a base frame for supporting our separating table which is provided with cup bearings 2 in which are mounted obliquely arranged spring sup-' ports 3 which are inclined toward the head motion of the table=and upon which is mounted a transversely inclined pervious table 4 having a'connection with a driving mechanism 5 through the medium of the drive rod 6 for reciprocating the table longitudinally, the construction of table and driving mechanism being substantially the same as shown in our Patent #898,020 granted September 8, 1908, by means of which, a

slow advance and a quick return movement is obtained in order to pro'pel the seeds Ion gitudinally upon the table. The table is preferably formed of a rectangular frame and easing 7 which forms an air chamber having suitable connecting nipples not shown, to which are connected flexible air inlet pipes 9 extending from a supply pipe 10 which is connected to a source of supply 11, herein shown a rotary blower, but it is,

of course, understood that any constructionof blower. for supplying air thereto can be used without departing from the spirit of our invention; the object being to maintain edge, a delivery shelf 12 and along its end a similar delivery shelf, not shown, which are provided with the usual cutting fingers for the well-known purpose. This form of table has the usual means for adjusting the transverse inclination thereof and is adapt ed to be reciprocated continuously when in operation so. that the seeds fed upon the same will be propelled lon itudinally thereof through the medium 0 the pushing aption of the pervious deck upon the seeds 1n contact therewith, the lighter seeds which are supported by the gaseous cushioning medium, moving by gravity transversely of the table, or approximately so, as when the table is propelled the heavier seeds are pushed out from under the lighter seeds.

While we have shown and described a sep- I arating table constructed substantially in the same manner as shown in our previous Patents #797,239 granted August 15, 1905; #898,020, granted September 8, 1908 and #979,046 granted September 10, 1910, in order to carry out our process ofv separating and grading seeds, other forms of table could be employed; the essential feature being the provision of a longitudinally re,-

,ciprocatin'g table having a transversely inclmed pervious separating surface and,

. therefore, we do not wish to limit ourselves to any exact-form of table as various forms could be employed for carrying out our process, without departing from the spirit of our invention. l

In connection with a table as hereinbefore described, in order to carry out our process successfully, to meet the commercial de',

mands ina separating and grading ap m; tus," an initial screening unit'14 ise'mp oyed which comprises a framelfi having a foreminated screening surface 16, the openings thereof beingprovided with guards upon their under sides having a conformation of such a shape that the elongated grains will be prevented from passing through the screening surface while the more spherical grains are allowed free passage. This initial screening unit is placed on the feed'end of the separating table and ing a gate-controlled opening 17 for controlling the flow of the seed upon the screening surface. The seeds are delivered to the receiving hopper 13 from a discharge hopper 18 which is provided with an open top into which extends a grain spout 19 commonly employed in grain elevators; said hopper 18 being provided with a gate-conr trolled opening as clearly shown and constructed substantially the same as shown in our Patent $1,073,644 granted September The screening unit 14 comprising the frame. which supports the screening surface at an incline, is adapted to be placed upon the pervious deck of the table in the osition shown in Fig. 1, one side of the frame thereof being provided with a gate 20 locked in its adjusted position bythumb nuts 21 in order to control the discharge of the more spherical grains therefrom which are propelled by the propelling movement:

- metal strips 23 which are bent longitudinally to form curved or concaved guards 23' against which the seeds in their passage over the screening surface strike; the longer seeds being tilted upwardly while the round seeds pass through the openings and roll off of the guards upon the pervious deck of the table. As the long seeds such as the oat kernels which are herein mentioned to demonstrate the operation of our improved construction of seed separator and grader, strike the guards and are tilted in the position shown in F ig. 12, they are struck by the mass of seeds traveling by gravity down the inclination thereof, the long seeds are turned over away from the opening and are finally deposited from off of the discharge end of the screening surface.

In the modifications shown in Figs. 9,

l0 and 11, instead of providing oval-shaped openings in the screening surface, a plate 2 is employed which is provided with triangular-shaped openings 25 which are prois provided with a receiving hopper l3 havpassing therethrough and it will be seen its the long seeds are struck by the mass when in this position, they are turned over away from the opening and move by gravity and the agitation of the table, in such a manner that this operation may be repeated a number oftimes before the seeds reach the discharge end of the S1Z1Ilg unit.

Nhen the sizing unit is in the position as shown in Fig. 1 upon the pervious deck, the mass of seeds upon the sizing surface is subected to an air current which causes the lighter seeds to be repelled in passing through the openings of the sizing surface and the longer and lighter grains are blown from out of the openings and caused to travel by gravity down the inclined screen.

in some cases where only a slight air pres-, sure is used it has been found necessary in order to prevent the longer and lighter grains from passing through the screening units to provide supplemental guards 26 1.

which prevent the long seeds from passing through the screening surface. However, we have found by experimenting that by dispensing with the supplemental guards and using either form of screening surface a as shown with a sufficient air current, the capacity of the screen is enormously increased.

In order to provide means upon the deck to separate the spherical or approximately spherical, oat seeds which have passed through the screening surface with the grains of wheat, we arrange upon the table a series of parallel air bafiles 27, the construction of one of these baffles being suliiv cient for all, as they are constructed identically, and while we have shown three of these baflles used, we do not wish to limit ourselves to any number, as in separating certain kinds of seeds or cereals, good results might be obtained with one, while with" other classes of seeds, it might be necessary to increase the number. Each balile comprises a supporting bar 28 arranged diagonally across the table deck having a threaded lug 29 projecting outwardly from each end, in which is mounted an adjusting screw 30 which has its lower end swiveled in a socket 31 secured upon 'the frame of the table to allow the bars to be adjusted vertically in respect to the deck of the table. Secured to' the under side of the bar is a bafile plate 32 which extends laterally therefrom and is provided with a curved end 33, said plate extending toward the feedend of the table. Adjustably mountedupon the oppo-l I inch below the bar 28.

site-side. of the bar 28 is a stripfi l provided with vertically disposed slots through which bolts extend, said bolts carrying wing nuts 36 for locking said strips in adjusted position in respect to the face of the pervious deck. l' he strip is provided with a sharpened lower edge and under normal conditions projects about one-eighth of an The air passing through the pervious. deck of the table from the air chamber strikes the baille plate which is preferably adjusted so as to come into contact with the bed ofthe grain on thetable and as the air impinges againstrthe under side of the baille plate the least resistance to the same is toward the feed end of the table as the adjustable strip 34: extendsv tacles, not shown, arranged at the delivery end of the table. The wheat grains are continuously propelled by the propelling mbvement of the table, the lighter grains gradually working toward the discharge edge thereofnvhile the heavier grains which are in contact with the surface are propelled longitudinally thereon and by arranging a number of these air bafiles in relation to each other-as shown in Fig. 1, adjacent the feed end of the separating table, all of the particles such as dirt and the like including.

the small and light grains of oats, will be repelled and discharged from the side of the table and as the ,mass of heavy seed comes from under the last air bafile, it is subjected to the full action of the table and a separation takes place upon the grains of wheat according to the specific gravity thereof, the

/ lighter grains gradually working transversely ad of the edge of the table, and the heavy grains which are the fertile grains, are propelled off of the end of the table. It will be seen that the separation made upon this table is by the specific gravity of the cereals. Without the initial screening unit and the air baflles, the heaviest and longest grains of oats would report and be discharged from the table with the smaller and lighter grains of wheat and in order to overcome this difiiculty in separating cereals of all kinds, we have provided an apparatus in which the longer grains are initially sepa-;

rated from the more spherical grains and with means for retarding and repelling the lighter grains of oats so as'to cause the same the table.

last bafile in the series, the grains of oats to pass transversely oif of the table by gravity which makes a thorough separation of the oats from the wheat. As these air bafiles are arranged adjacent the feed end of the table, when the mass of seeds, which in this instance is wheat, has passed under these bailles, all of the oats have been separated therefrom and the wheat grains are free to be separated as to the specific gravity of the grains thereof and in the final movement of the mass of seeds, this takes place so as to grade the wheat in order to separate the fertile from the infertile seeds.

In the operation ofan apparatus as herein shown to carry out our improved process for separating and grading seeds and cereals, the machine is set in operation and grain from the feed hopper is fed into the receiving hopper of the screening unit from which it is discharged upon the screening surface until the same has become thoroughly embedded with the seed and as the table is being reciprocated, agitation is imparted by said reciprocation to the screening unit and through the medium of gravity, the seeds in a mass, slide down the screening surface, the longer seeds being forced by the mass and the peculiar shape of the openings, off of the discharge end of the screening unit from which they work themselves by gravity oil of the deck of the table. The

morespherical-shaped seeds pass through the perforations of the screen and are discharged upon the pervious deck and by the propelling movement thereof, are pushed out of the gate opening and propelled longitudinally upon the table. .As the seeds are propelled longitudinally they move transversely and are brought into contact with air currents under the air baffles which repel the lighter seeds such as the more spherical grains of cats which by gravity, work their way off of the side of the table while the heavier spherical grains pass under the bafiies. 'This operation is repeated as each air bafile is reached by the movement of grain being propelled upon the table and we have found by experimenting that three air baffles arranged diagonally upon the table as shown, are sufficient to repel all of the lighter grains of oats allowing only the grains of wheat to pass under the baflles b the propelling movement of fter the mass has passed the have been entirely freedfrom the wheat and the wheat is, propelled along the table and graded according to .the specific qualities of the grains thereof,- the lighter grains passing off of the side of the table, while the heavier grains are passing o fi' of the end the pervious deck Within. the frame of the "of the table,- -these grains being the fertile .grains'." Whenthe inass i's delivered upon versely thereof.

cushioning medium in order to allow the grains to stratify; the heavier grains being in contact with the deck being. propelled by the propelling movement thereof, While the lighter grains, which are above the heavier grains, move by gravity substantially trans- Prior to this invention, the separation of oats from Wheat in quantities to meet the commercial requirements of grain elevators, has not been commercially accomplished as in prior machines, which attempted to accomplish this result, the capacity Was so small that the separation could not be commercially carried out, but We have found that with our improved construction of separating apparatus, a machine is produced which has a capacity sufficient-to ine'etall IQtLLlllGIHGHlZS and which can be operated at a minimum expense Without any care or attention, after the same has been set in operation.

While we have described an apparatus and process for separating Wheat from oats, it is of course,-understood that the same can be used for separating various other kinds of seeds such as flax seed from mlllet;

grass seed from oats; alfalfa seed from various other kinds of mixtures, and We do not ish to .limit ourselves as to the nature of material to be separated, as the process and apparatus can be used for separating any and all kinds of cereals and seeds, Without departing from the spirit of our invention.

We claim:

1. The process of separating a mass of seeds, consisting in supporting the mass upon an inclined support and imparting to said mass, a positive movement across its path of travel by gravity, and repelling the substantially lighter particles of said mass in a direction opposite to the imparted movement of said particles.

2. The process of separating and grading a mass of seeds, consisting in initially separating the longer seeds from the shorter seeds, supporting the shorter seeds upon an unobstructed surface by a gaseous cushioning medium, imparting to said-mass-a positive morement, andrepelling the movementofthe lighter particles of said mass.

3. The process of separating and grading a mass of seeds, consisting in feeding said mass initially upon a screening unit to separate the longer seeds from the shorter seeds, supporting the shorter seeds of said mass upon a transversely inclined support ng surface, imparting to said mass a longitudinal movement upon said surface,- and retarding the longitudinal. movement of the lighter seeds of said mass and separately collecting the thus separated seeds.

4:. The process of separating and grading seeds, consisting in initially separating the longer seeds from the shorter seeds, supporting the shorter seeds .upon an unobstructed transversely inclined surface by a gaseous cushioning medium to permit stratification thereof, imparting a positive movement to said seeds, across the movement of said material by gravity, and separately collecting the thus separated seeds.

5. The process of separatingand grading a. mass of seeds, consisting in initially separating the longer seed from *the shorter seed, propelling the mass of shorter seed in a predetermined direction, repelling the travel of said mass in said direction, and separately collecting the thus separated seeds.

6. The process of separating and grading a mass of seeds, having different characteristics, consisting in initially separating the longer seeds from the shorter seeds, feeding said shorter seeds upon a reciprocating pervious deck, subjecting said shorter seeds to a continuous air pressure, condensing said air pressure at predetermined points across thepath of travel of said material, and separately collecting the thus separated and graded seeds. a

7. The process of separating and grading a mass of seeds, having different character istics, consisting in initially separating the longer seeds from the shorter seeds, delivering said shorter seeds upon a transversely inclined pervious deck, supporting said seeds upon a gaseous cushioning medium, propelling said seeds longitudinally upon said surface, repelling the movement of the relatively lighter seeds across the path of travel of said mass, and separately collecting the thus separated and graded seeds.

8. The process of separating and grading a mass of seeds, having different characteristics, consisting in supporting said mass upon a transversely inclined surface by a gaseous cushioning medium, imparting to said mass a longitudinal propelling movement, retarding said mass in its longitudinal movement, and separately collecting the thus separated and graded particles.

-9. The process of separating and grading a mass of seeds, having different characteristics, consisting in supporting said mass upon a surface by a gaseous cushioning me dium, feeding said material in one path, simultaneously imparting to said material a positive'movement in the line offeed, .repelling the movement of the lighter parti cles of said mass in the line'of the propelling movement, and separately collecting the thus separated and graded. seeds.

10. The process of separating and grading a mass of seeds having difi'erent characteristics, consisting in propelling the seeds in a predetermined direction upon an unobstructed transversely inclined surface, supporting said mass upon said surface by a gaseous cushioning medium, repelling the loo movement upon an unobstructed surface, supporting said seeds upon a gaseous cush-.

ioning medium, intensifying said gaseous cushioning medium in the line of the propelling movement of said material to repel I collect the separated and graded seeds from the lighter seeds of said mass, and separately collecting the thus separated seeds, I

12. The process of separating and grading seeds, consisting in supporting amass of seeds upon a transversely inclined pervious deck, imparting to said material a movement across the line of travel by gravity, repelling the movement of said material, and separately collecting the thus separated seeds.

13. An apparatus for separating and grading seeds, comprising a reciprocating table having a pervious deck, a screening unit mounted upon said deck at thefeed end thereof, air baiiles arranged above said deck, and means for collecting the "separated seeds from said deck.

14. An apparatus for separating and grading seeds, consisting of a transversely inclined longitudinally reciprocating pervious deck, a screenin unit mounted upon said deck, having a ischarge gate at one side thereof, air bafiles arranged diagonally across said deck for repelling the comparatively lighter rains of seed, and means for collecting the separated seeds discharged from said deck.

15. In a machine for separating and gradings eeds, a laterally inclined pervious separating surface, mechanism for reciprocating said surface, means for feeding the mass of substantially the same-shaped seeds upon '--sa1d surface, means for supporting said mass upon a gaseous cushioning medium, means for repelling the movement of the lighter seeds of said movement upon said surface, and means to sai'd 's'urface. v

"16'. Ina machlne for separating and grading a mass of seeds, having difierent character1st1cs,a laterally inclinedseparatmg surface, pervious to an: under ressure and 1mpervious-to the passage 0 material thereth-rough',"'means for' separating the longer seeds from the shorter seeds at one end of ,said, table, intermediate means for.removin' the lighter seeds from; the heavier seeds, an

means for propellingthe massof seeds upon said table across the path of travel by gravity,'and means forseparately collecting the mass. in their longitudinalseparated'and graded seeds from said surface.

17. In a machine for separating and grading seeds, the combination With a transvcrsel inclined se aratin surface means for maintaining a constant air pressure be' neath said surface, means for imparting longitudinal movement to the material delivered upon said surface, air bafiies arranged diagonally across said surface, land means for separately collecting the separated and graded seedsfrom said surface.

18. A grain separating table, having means for imparting movement to the mass "of seeds delivered thereon in a predetermined direction, a series of air baflles arranged diagonally across said surface, means for maintaining a constant air pressure beneath said surface, and means for 001- lecting the separated seeds from said surface.

19. The process of separating and grading seeds, consisting in initially separating the longer seeds from the shorter seeds upon a screening unit, depositing the shorter seeds upon a reciprocating pervious deck, supporting said seeds upon said deck by a gaseous cushioning medium, repelling said seeds in their longitudinal movement upon said deck to separate the lighter from the heavier seeds, and separately collecting the separated and graded seeds from said deck.

20. The process of separating a mass of seeds, having different characteristics, consisting in supporting the mass upon a surface by a gaseous cushioning medium, simultaneously imparting to said mass a positive movement, subjecting said mass to the action ofgravity upon said surface, in lines. deviating from the line of positive movement, retardin the movement of the lighter seeds of sai mass in their positive -mo"ement,' and separately collecting the thus separated and graded seeds.

21. The process of separating and grading a mass of seeds, having different characteristics, consisting in supporting the mass upon an inclined surface by a continuous. air pressure to cause a .gravital seeds, having different characteristics, consistlng m initially separating the longer seeds from theshorter seeds, supporting the.

shorter seeds upon a transversely inclined surface by a gaseous cushlonmg medium, propelling said material 111 a dlrection across the gravital movement of said mass, re-

peliing the lighter seeds of said mass in their longitudinal movement upon said surface, and separately collecting the thus separated seeds.

' 23. lhe process of separating and grading a mass of seeds, consisting in initially separating the longer seeds from the shorter seeds, supporting the shorter seeds upon a transversely inclined surface by .a gaseous cushioning medium, simultaneously imparting to said mass upon said surface, a propelling movement, repelling themovement of the lighter seeds of said mass in their propelling movement, andseparately collecting the thus separated and graded-seeds from said surface.

24. The process of separating and grading a mass'of seeds, consisting in subjecting said mass to an initial separation upon an inclined screening unit, discharging the shorter seeds of said mass from said screening unit upon, a transversely inclined pervious deck, supporting said mass upon said deck by a gaseous cushioning medium, imparting to said mass upon said deck, a propelling movement, repelling the lighter seeds of said mass in their propelling movement, and separately collecting the thus separat 'ed and graded seeds.

25.. The process of separating and grading a mass of seeds, having different characteristics, consisting in supporting said mass upon a transversely inclined pervious surface by a gaseous cushioning medium, imparting to said'mass upon said surface, a longitudinal movement, and repelling the longitudinal movement of said mass adja cent the feed end of said surface, and separately collecting the thus separated and grad ed particles.

26. In a seed separating and grading ap-- paratus, the combination with a transversely inclined pervious deck, of means. for reciprocating said deck, means for maintaining beneath said deck, a uniform upward pressure of air through the deck and the seed upon it, and means for repelling the movement of the lighter grains ofsaid' mass upon said deck. i

' '27. In a seed separating and grading apparatus, the combination with a transversely inclined pervious separating surface, of

a means for longitudinally reciprocating said air through the pervious surface and the seeds upon it, pneumatic means for repelling the longitudinal movement offthe lighter seeds upon said surface, and means for collecting theseparated and graded seeds from said surface.

28. A separating and grading apparatus, comprising a transversely inclined pervious cating pervious deck, having a screening unit at one end and a series of air bafiies.

'30. A separating and grading apparatus, comprising a reciprocating deck, means at one end of said deck for delivering the particles thereon of substantially uniform size, means arranged'intermediate on said deck for repelling the lighter particles in their longitudinal movement thereon, and means for collecting the separated and graded particles from said deck;

31. A separating table having a pervious deck,,and a screening unit mounted on the feed end thereof for delivering upon said deck material of substantially the same size.

32. A separating table, having a pervious deck, means for maintaining beneath the deck, a uniform upward pressure of air through the pervious floor thereof, and means arranged above said floor for deflecting the upward pressure of air toward the head of said table. I

33. A separating table, having a pervious deck, means for maintaining beneath the* deck, a uniform upward pressure of air through the pervious deck, bars adjustably mounted diagonally across said decln baflle plates carried by said bars extending toward the feed end-of said table, and strips adjustably mounted upon said bars.

34:. An air battle for a separating table, comprising an adjustably mounted bar, a baflie plate secured to the under side of said bar and extending laterally therefrom, having a curved end, and a strip having a sharpened edge adjustably mounted upon said bar.

35. A separating table, having a pervious deck with means for maintaining beneath .the floor thereof, a uniform upward pressure of air through the pervious floor, a screening unit having a frame mounted upon said pervious floor at one end thereof, said screening unit having a discharge gate upon one side and a gate controlled receiving hopper.

36. In a separating'table, the combination with a pervious deck, having means for maintaining beneath the floor thereof, a uniform upward pressure of air through the pervious floor, of a screen having" a frame resting upon said pervious deck, said screen having a gate upon one side thereof iao with a transversely inclined deck, of means for reciprocating said deck, a screening unit mounted upon the feed end of said deck,

means for maintaining an upward pressure of air through said deck and the screening unit thereon, means for repelling the longitudinal movement of the lighter seeds de livered from said screening unit, and means for separately collecting the separated seeds.

39. A separating table, having a pervious deck and means for maintaining beneath ,said deck, a uniform upward pressure of 1 air through the pervious floor thereof, an

initial separating screening unit mounted upon one end of said 'deck, and adjustable baffles mounted upon said deck having adreciprocating means for dellverm'g material upon a screenjustable strips mounted thereon.

40. A separating table, having a pervious transversely inclined deck with means for said deck longitudinally,

ing unit'arranged at one end of said deck, means for discharging from said screening unit upon said deck, seeds of substantially uniform size and shape, and means for repelling the longitudinal movement of the lighter seeds delivered upon said deck.

41. The combination with a separating. table, having a pervious deck with means for maintainin a uniform upward pressure; eck and through the fioor' thereof, of a series of diagonally arranged bars adjustably mounted above said deck,v baifle plates carried by said bars, ahd' strips beneath the adjustably mounted upon said bars upon the oppositesides from said bafiie plates.

" said table, means for adjusting said bars'in] respect to the surface of said table,- baneplates extending from said bars, and strips'i'jing;

42. The combination With-.a separating.

"permit Stratification thereof, imparting to -said\ seeds af-longitudinal movement upon table, of bars arranged diagonally? above adjustably mounted upon said bars sharpened edges.

4:3. The combination with ii-separating table, having a pervious deck, of a 'bafii'e-" plate extendlng diagonally across said deck, and means for adjusting said baffle plate in respect to said deck.- 1

H. A separating and grading apparatus, comprising a pervious supporting surface,

38. In a separating table, the combination means for maintaining beneath said surface a uniform upward pressure of air through the pervious surface, and ascreening unit having a box-like frame mounted-upon said pervious surface.

45. In a separating and grading #apparatus, the combination with a transversely inclined pervious deck, ofmeans for reciprocating said deck, means for maintaining beneath said deck a uniform-i" upward pressure of air through the deck and the material thereon, and pneumatic means for repelling ghellighter particles of ,said mass upon said ec r.

46. An air baffle for a separating table having a pervious surface, comprising an adjustably mounted bar, and a baffle plate carried by said bar and extending laterally therefrom.

47. A separating and grading apparatus,

comprising a transversely inclined reciprocating pervious deck, a screening unit mounted'upon said deck, and means for maintaining a uniform upward pressure of air through said pervious deck and screening unit. v

48. The combination with a separating table, of bars arranged transversely above said table and spaced therefrom, and baiiie plates carried by said bars and extending toward the feed endof said table.

{9. In a seed separating and grading apparatus. the combination with a pervious supporting surface, means for longitudinally reciprocating said surface, a screening unit having a box-like frame mounted upon said surface and supported thereby, and meansfor maintaining beneath said surface a uniform upward pressure of air through the-pervious surface and the screena ing unit mounted thereon.

50. Aseparatlng apparatus, compnsmga,

pervious" deck, a; screening unit mounted "upon said declnnndineans for maintaining a uni form'iup-ward, ressure of air through said pervious deekandscreenmg unit.

51. The process porting the shorter seeds throughout the area thereof upon a transversely inclined surface by a gaseous cushioning medium to said surface'across the movement of said seeds by gravity, and separately collecting the thus separated seeds. I

52. The process of separatlng and grading-Ia mass of seeds,'consisting in' subjecting said-mass to anumtlal separation upon a of separating and vgrading seeds, consist gin initially separating the longer seeds from the shorter seeds, suptransversely above said floor, ,10

thereof, a uniform upward pressure of air through the pervious floor, and an air bafiie 15 arranged transversely above said floor.

In testimony Whereoffyve' hereunto afiix our signatures in the presence of two Witnesses.

HENRY M. SUTTON. WALTER L. STEELE. EDWIN e. STEELE.

Witnesses:

J. N. SPARKS, H. V. I-Lmrms. 

